Studies of miR156 and miR529 Activity Using miRNA Target Mimics

Please, briefly introduce your project. What motivated you to focus on this specific research topic, and why do you think it is particularly relevant today?

In our project, we aim to develop chemically stabilized miRNA mimicry molecules that can be used to knock down the activity of two microRNAs. Using spray and stem injection techniques, we will first reduce the activity of different variants of miR156 and miR529 in annual and perennial accessions of the grass model species Brachypodium sp. and then extend our studies to the tree Populus trichocarpa. We have recently shown that miR156/529 regulates reproductive phase change in both angiosperms and gymnosperms. Here, we intend to study their putative involvement in traits linked to perenniallity. Flowering time and perennial growth are important traits for climate adaptation and improved breeding techniques of both grasses and trees. The long-term goal of this project is to increase our ability to breed for perennial cereals and possibly shorten the breeding cycle in long-lived trees.

Can you describe the innovative aspects of your project and the potential impact it could have on breeding research?

The foundation for this project stems from a groundbreaking scientific discovery made in our group and the realization that similar mechanisms may regulate perennial growth in both gymnosperms and angiosperms. Here, we aim to develop a quick and versatile method to study miRNA function in plants. We will use recent developments in RNA formulation to chemically stabilize the biologically active target miRNA mimicry molecules. If successful, this could aid the development of perennial cereals and increase tree breeding efficiency. In extension, we could also use this method to study other miRNA-regulated traits.

How did the collaboration between faculties contribute to the design of your project and what unique opportunities does it bring?

This project is an extension of a long-term research collaboration on flowering and cone development between the Nilsson and Sundström research groups at the S and NJ faculty, respectively. In this new project we extend this collaboration to Ramesh Vetukuri from the LTV faculty, who brings unique expertise in RNA formulation and the production of synthetic inhibitory molecules. Since the project build on a common reseach interest we expect that all three partner groups will benefit from the collaboration and utilize outcome at their own faculty.